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Biomarker Spotlight: Endostatin

Endostatin Biomarker Spotlight
Endostatin is an endogenous angiogenesis inhibitor localized in the vascular basement membrane in various organs. The biological functions of the endostatin-network involve SPARC, thrombospondin-1, glycosaminoglycans, collagens, and integrins. Endostatin is expressed during the progression of renal fibrosis in tubular cells of injured tissue.

A recent study aimed to discover the role of endostatin in in the dysregulation of angiogenesis in patients with kidney and heart failure. Scientists found that due to its capability to inhibit angiogenesis and tumor growth, endostatin is highly involved in these processes in chronic kidney disease and heart failure. Since endostatin is not just a biomarker of angiogenesis but also a hormone regulating these processes, pharmacologic intervention in this system might offer new therapeutic options in the future.

Li M, Popovic Z, Chu C, Krämer B, K, Hocher B: Endostatin in Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases. Kidney Dis 2021. doi: 10.1159/000518221 Full Text Here.

Eagle Biosciences offers a robust assay for the measurement of endostatin in human samples, the Endostatin ELISA Assay Kit. The benefits of this assay include:

for serum, plasma, and urine samples
SIMPLE analysis – results in 4.5 h
LOW SAMPLE VOLUME – only 20µl sample / well
HIGH QUALITY – fully validated assay according to ICH/FDA/EMEA

We also offer a Mouse/Rat Endostatin ELISA Assay Kit for other testing needs.

If you have any other questions about these products or our other offerings, contact us here.

Trade Show Spotlight

Eagle Biosciences will be at AACC in Georgia!

by Eagle Biosciences

Eagle Biosciences will be at AACC in Atlanta Georgia!

AACC is next week, Sunday September 26th – Thursday September 30th, at the Georgia World Congress Center. Stop by booth #3036 to learn more about the GA-Map Dybiosis Test Lx and Cov19 FluoBolt-DAT and other assays that could help you with your microbiome or COVID-19 research! We will be there to answer any questions you may have, or stop and say hi! We love seeing our customers!

Product Highlights

GA-Map Dysbiosis Test Lx: The first and only standardized solution for microbiome profiling! The GA-Map Dysbiosis Test Lx is a simple multiplex stool assay that identifies 48 bacterial markers. All reagents and required software are included in the kit, and it is designed to be run for routine testing.

Cov19 FluoBolt-DAT: This newest addition to our FluoBolt line of assays is a duplex antibody test. This assay is intended for the simultaneous detection of anti-nucleocapsid antibodies and anti-S1 RBD antibodies to SARS-CoV-19. This is a valuable tool for evaluating immunity against SARS-CoV-2 acquired through infection as well as vaccination.

If you have any other questions about these products or our other offerings, contact us here.

Biomarker Spotlight

Vanin-1 Biomarker Spotlight

by Eagle Biosciences

Vanin-1 Biomarker Spotlight

Vanin-1 (VAN1) is an anchored protein that catalyzes the hydrolysis of pantetheine to pantothenic acid (vitamin B5) and cyteamine. VAN1 has a broad tissue expression with the highest levels being observed in kidney tubular epithelial cells. The GPI anchor of VAN1 can be cleaved by a yet unknown mechanism, resulting in VAN-1 being shed into the extracellular space.

Vanin-1 plays a pivotal role in oxidative stress and the inflammatory response. However, its relationship with traumatic sepsis remains unknown. In a study aimed to identify whether VAN1 could be used as a biomarker for traumatic sepsis, scientists found there is a significant relationship between plasma VAN1 and sepsis in both the internal test cohort and the external validation cohort. These results contribute to the body of evidence supporting the use of plasma VAN1 in the early prediction of traumatic sepsis.

Learn more about that study here.

Eagle Biosciences offers a comprehensive Vanin-1 ELISA for urine samples.

Vanin-1 ELISA Assay Highlights

Optimized for human urine samples
Highly SPECIFIC and DEFINED characterized antibodies
RELIABLE – rigorously validated
QUICK one-step ELISA

We also provide a Vanin-1 Mouse/Rat ELISA Assay Kit that has been validated for mouse or rat serum, plasma, or urine samples.

If you have any questions about this product or our other offerings, contact us here.

New Product Series

New Cov19 FluoBolt-DAT Test!

by Eagle Biosciences

At this time it is unknown for how long antibodies persist following infection or vaccination, and if the presence of antibodies confers protective immunity. Antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 are generally detectable in blood several days after initial infection or vaccination, although the duration of time antibodies are present post-infection or post-vaccination is not well characterized. Individuals may have detectable virus present for several weeks following seroconversion.

The Cov19 FluoBolt-DAT test, manufactured in Austria by Fianostics GmbH, is a duplex antibody test that is intended to identify individuals with an adaptive immune response to SARS-CoV-2, indicating recent or prior infection or vaccination. There is a high demand to know how protected populations are after COVID-19 onset or vaccination, this test is the next step in identifying immunity.

How the Cov19 FluoBolt-DAT Test Works

When performing the assay, 10 µl of a patient serum or plasma sample are simultaneously mixed with 50 µl of two different fluorescence-labeled tracer antibodies against the S1RBD and against the NC protein and incubated in our special fluorescence-enhancing microtiter plate for 60 minutes. By measuring at 2 different wavelengths, their displacement by homologous antibodies from the patient sample is determined simultaneously. The signals at one wavelength provide information about the concentration of anti-S1RBD antibodies. The signals at the other wavelength indicate the concentration of anti-nucleocapsid antibodies.

By using the supplied calibrators, a calibration curve for the anti-S1RBD and the antiNC antibodies is constructed, and the antibody concentration of a patient sample is read from it. With just a single measurement, this results in a quantitative determination of these
two antibody species against SARS-CoV-2, which represent the majority of the immune response and may protect against infection and illness.

Cov19 FluoBolt-DAT Test Standard Curves
For measurement, any commercially available fluorescence microtiter plate reader can be used.

Click here to learn more about the Cov19 FluoBolt-DAT test.

If you have any questions about this kit or our other offerings, contact us here.

New Product Series

NEW IHC Antibodies

by Eagle Biosciences

IHC Antibodies

Eagle Biosciences, Inc. is excited to announce a new line of monoclonal IHC Antibodies. These anti-human antibodies are intended to be used to identify the presence of associated antigens in tissue samples. This identification should be made using light microscopy in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue sections using immunohistochemistry test methods. The use of these antibodies has been show to be an aid in the identification of neoplastic tissue, within the context of antibody panels. These IHC Antibodies are available in two formats. We offer a concentrated formula at volumes of 0.1 mL and 1.0 mL, as well as a prediluted formula at a volume of 7 mL.

Find a list of the popular and unique markers that we are now offering below.

IHC Antibodies

If you have any questions about these products or any of our other offerings, contact us here.

Biomarker Spotlight

PTX3 Biomarker spotlight

by Eagle Biosciences

PTX3 Biomarker Spotlight
Pentraxins are a superfamily of acute phase reactants characterized by a pentameric structure. Pentraxin 3 (PTX3), is locally produced and released by a variety of cell types including macrophages, neutrophils, myeloid-derived mesangial cells, synovial cells, smooth muscle cells, alveolar epithelium, and glial cells. PTX3 is induced in response to either inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1 β (IL-1 β) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) or the selected associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). PTX3 is elevated in critically ill patients, with a gradient from systematic inflammatory response syndrome to septic shock, and in several other diseases, such as myocardial infarction, rheumatoid arthritis, atherosclerosis, small vessel vasculitis and psoriasis.

Oncologists at Queen Mary’s University whether PTX 3 could be a reliable biomarker for detection of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). PDAC is characterized by an intense desmoplastic stroma, laid down by the pancreatic stellate cells (PSC). One of the defining features of PDAC is that there are very few cancer cells. Pancreatic cancer is surprisingly made up of mostly non-cancer cells, which have been co-opted by cancer to build a huge amount of scar tissue or stroma around the cancer, providing a strong defense for the cancer cells. The researchers found that PTX3 is a putative stromally-derived biomarker for PDAC which warrants further testing in prospective, larger, multi-center cohorts and within clinical trials targeting stroma.

To read more about this study, click here.

Cortisol Saliva ELISA Assay Kit Product Announcement

by Eagle Biosciences

Cortisol ELISA Assay Kit

Eagle Biosciences is excited to announce the new Cortisol Saliva ELISA Assay Kit. The kit is intended for the quantitative determination of cortisol in human saliva.

Why Measure Cortisol?

Cortisol is the most abundant circulating steroid and the major glucocorticoid secreted by the adrenal cortex. Cortisol is physiologically effective in blood pressure maintenance and anti-inflammatory activity. It is also involved in calcium absorption, gluconeogenesis as well as the secretion of gastric acid and pepsin. It is increased under stress situations, physical exercise and external administration of ACTH. Most circulating cortisol is bound to cortisol binding globulin or transcortin and albumin. The free cortisol, which is considered the active part of blood, is about 1–2%. In the absence of appreciable amounts of the cortisol binding proteins in saliva, salivary cortisol is considered to be free and shows a diurnal rhythm with the highest levels in the morning and the lowest levels at night.

Measurement of cortisol levels in general can be used as an indicator of adrenal function and the differential diagnosis of Addison’s and Cushing’s diseases as well as adrenal hyperplasia and carcinoma.

Check out the benefits of Cortisol Saliva ELISA Assay Kit:

NO SHAKING required
ROOM TEMPERATURE incubation
SMALL SPECIMEN SAMPLE required

If you have any questions about this kit or our other offerings, contact us here.

Publication Spotlight

ACTH ELISA Assay Kit Highlighted in Recent Publication

by Eagle Biosciences

The Eagle Bioscience’s ACTH ELISA Assay Kit was recently highlighted in a publication about the cortisol and adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) in infants after receiving corticosteroids following cataract surgery.

Abstract

Purpose
Cushingoid features are occasionally encountered in infants after pediatric cataract surgery. The aim of this study is to evaluate whether the use of topical glucocorticoids (GCs) following congenital cataract surgery can result in endogenous adrenal suppression and/or systemic side effects similar to those seen with systemic steroids.

Methods
A prospective study was performed on 20 infants with bilateral congenital cataract. All infants received a single subconjunctival betamethasone injection of 1 mg at the end of surgery in addition to topical dexamethasone eye drops 1 mg/ml for 6 weeks. All infants had anthropometric measurements and blood pressure measurements, serum cortisol, and ACTH level measurements before surgery and 2 months after. In addition, the total administered glucocorticoid adjusted per weight was calculated.

Results
The mean age of the infants was 4.93 ± 2.58 months. Thirteen were males (65%). The total administered glucocorticoid dose was 18.7 mg and the mean cumulative dexamethasone equivalent dose administered was 2.75 ± 1.31 mg/kg. There was a statistically significant increase in the adjusted weight percentile for age (P = 0.009). Both the systolic and diastolic blood pressure were significantly elevated (P = 0.005 and P = 0.025 respectively). There was a statistically significant reduction in both the morning and afternoon serum ACTH levels (P = 0.023 and P = 0.014). The reduction in serum cortisol levels was statistically non-significant.

Conclusions
Topical steroids following pediatric cataract surgery can result in both subclinical and clinical changes in the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis that can be easily overlooked and need careful attention and follow-up.

Aly, A., Gouda, J., Awadein, A. et al. Serum cortisol and adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) in infants receiving topical and subconjunctival corticosteroids following cataract surgery. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-021-05221-0

If you have any questions about this product or our other offerings, contact us here.

Biomarker Spotlight

Endostatin Biomarker Spotlight

by Eagle Biosciences

Endostatin Biomarker Spotlight

Endostatin, a 20-kDa C-terminal proteolytic fragment of collagen XVIII, is an endogenous angiogenesis inhibitor localized in the vascular basement membrane in various organs. The biological functions of the endostatin-network involve SPARC, thrombospondin-1, glycosaminoglycans, collagens, and integrins. It is expressed during the progression of renal fibrosis in tubular cells of injured tissue. In renal micro-vascular disease, observed in late stages of patients with chronic kidney disease, increased endostatin levels are possibly the consequence of enhanced extracellular matrix degradation. Thus, it may become an important marker for progressive microvascular renal disease in patients with chronic kidney disease. Endostatin levels in blood are also likely to increase in patients with other microvascular tissue injuries, including atherosclerosis, myocardial- and brain ischemia. In ischemic stroke patients, high endostatin plasma levels predict a worse long-term clinical outcome.

A team of researchers recently demonstrated that serial measurement of endostatin in plasma has useful predictive value for 30-day mortality in Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) patients after major surgery.

Prognostic value of dynamic plasma endostatin for the prediction of mortality in acute kidney injury: A prospective cohort study. Jia HM et al., J Int Med Res. 2020 48(7):300060520940856.. Full Text.

New: Anti-tTG sIgA/IgA ELISA Assay Kit!

by Eagle Biosciences

Anti-tTG sIgA/IgA ELISA Assay Kit

Eagle Biosciences is excited to announce the new Anti-tTG sIgA/IgA ELISA Assay Kit. This kit is intended for the quantitative determination of anti-human tissue transglutaminase sIgA/IgA in stool samples.

Assay Background

Celiac disease is a chronic illness of the small intestinal mucous membrane. The reason is an intolerance against gluten, which is found in many cereals. This food intolerance against cereal proteins leads to a production of auto-antibodies against tissue transglutaminase, which is the major antigen for endomysium antibodies.

The intake of gluten-containing food leads to an inflammation of the small intestinal mucous membrane, which results in a reduced absorption of nutrients. The symptoms of the disease are reduction of weight, diarrhea, vomitus, anorexia and tiredness. The growth of children is impaired. The characteristic of the symptoms might be different. The only therapeutic treatment is a gluten-free diet. A non-treated celiac disease increases the risk of non-Hodgkin-lymphoma and colon cancer. Celiac disease is associated with type 1 diabetes mellitus in five to ten percent of the patients. Women are more often affected than men. The outcome of the disease is pronounced during infancy and in ages between 30 and 40 years old.

Applications:

Food Intolerance
Monitoring an Elimination Diet

Anti-tTG sIgA/IgA ELISA Assay Kit Advantages

Easy
Rapid
Precise
All reagents included

If you have any questions about this kit or our other offerings, contact us here.

Author: Eagle Biosciences

Biomarker Spotlight: Endostatin

Eagle Biosciences will be at AACC in Georgia!