Category: Publication Spotlight

The Progesterone ELISA Assay Kit was utilized in a recent publication! The publication explored menstrual effects on thermoregulation while exercising in the heat.  Check out the abstract and full text!

Abstract

Women may be challenged to maintain thermoregulation due to hormonal changes associated with the menstrual cycle. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of the menstrual cycle phase on core temperature, hydration status, and perceived exertion while exercising under uncompensable heat gain. Eleven eumenorrheic women (24.4 ± 1.1 yrs, 65.7 ± 2.4 kg, 22.7 ± 1.5% body fat) walked for two 180-min trials in a heat chamber (35 °C and 30% relative humidity) during early-follicular (EF) and mid-luteal (ML) phases. Subjects completed three intervals of 50 min of exercise at 50% VO₂max. Physiological strain index (PSI), core temperature (T_C), perceived heat (PH), and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) were measured throughout both trials. Nude body weight (NBW) and blood samples were collected pre- and post-trial. Blood samples were analyzed for hematocrit (Hct), hemoglobin (Hb), serum estrogen, progesterone, and aldosterone. NBW showed a main effect of time (p = 0.002, η_p² = 0.62). Aldosterone showed main effect of time (p = 0.004, η_p² = 0.59) and phase (p = 0.014, η_p² = 0.47), peaking post exercise in both EF and ML (527.6.1 ± 89.0 pg·mL⁻¹ vs 827.4 ± 129.5 pg mL⁻¹ respectively, p = 0.014). Estradiol and progesterone showed main effects of phase (p = 0.007, η_p² = 0.53; p = 0.045, η_p² = 0.30) but not time (p = 0.68, p = 0.32). T_C showed main effect of time (p < 0.001, η_p² = 0.89) and phase, peaking at 170 min (EF: 37.8 ± 0.1 °C vs. ML: 38.0 ± 0.1 °C, p = 0.032, η_p² = 0.38). Main effect of time was seen for PSI (p = 0.002, η_p² = 0.88), PH (p = 0.004, η_p² = 0.66), and RPE (p = 0.026, η_p² = 0.80). Sweat rate, Hct, Hb, and percent dehydration were not different between the phases. In conclusion, subjects demonstrated elevated Tc and basal aldosterone in ML corresponding with elevations in estrogen and progesterone. Aldosterone significantly increased following exercise in the heat but remained elevated in ML. These results indicate that elevated Tc during ML is maintained during exercise in the heat despite similar perceived heat and effort between phases.

Christison, Katherine S., et al. “Menstrual cycle effects on thermoregulation while exercising in the heat.” Journal of Thermal Biology, vol. 127, Jan. 2025, p. 104036, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtherbio.2024.104036.

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Osteoprotegerin (OPG) is a glycoprotein that plays a crucial role in regulating bone metabolism. It is a decoy receptor for the receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand (RANKL), which is involved in the process of bone resorption. OPG is primarily produced by osteoblasts (bone-forming cells) but can also be found in other tissues like endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and certain immune cells.

OPG is an important regulator not just for bone metabolism but also in inflammation. It modulates immune cell activity, cytokine production, and tissue remodeling in response to inflammation. Elevated OPG levels can be a sign of ongoing inflammatory processes in diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, atherosclerosis, and other autoimmune disorders.

Biomedica’s Osteoprotegerin ELISA Assay Kit (BI-20403) was highlighted in a recent study! The study assessed serum OPG levels during acute inflammatory states induced by a bacterial or viral infection in children. The researchers investigated whether OPG increases during acute inflammatory states and if its levels correlate with other biomarkers.

Click below for the full publication, where you can find the abstract and key findings!

Giannakopoulos, Aristeidis, et al. “Osteoprotegerin in infection-induced acute inflammatory states in children.” Heliyon, vol. 10, no. 6, Mar. 2024, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27565.

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The Testosterone ELISA Assay Kit was employed in a recent study that explored the effects of cluster vs. traditional sets complex training on physical performance adaptations of trained male volleyball players. Check out the details and access the full findings below.

Abstract

This study aimed to examine the impact of different set configurations during combination of resistance and plyometric training (complex [COX]) on jumping ability, power output, strength, and hormonal adaptations in young male volleyball players after a 6-week training period. A randomized controlled trial was conducted with twenty-four trained male volleyball players under the age of 19, who were assigned to one of two groups for lower-body COX training: cluster sets (CS-COX: n = 8) or traditional sets (TS-COX: n = 8), with an additional active control group (CON: n = 8). The players underwent evaluations for countermovement vertical jump (CMVJ), spike jump (SPJ), T-test change of direction speed (T-test CODS), one repetition maximum (1RM) in the back squat and leg press, and the Wingate Anaerobic Test before and after the 6-week training intervention (12 sessions in total). Blood samples were also collected before and after training to assess resting testosterone and cortisol responses. Following the training, both the CS-COX and TS-COX groups exhibited significantly greater (p = 0.001) changes than the CON group in the variables, while similar improvements in maximal strength, mean power output, and testosterone adaptations were observed following the training (p < 0.05). Moreover, the CS-COX group demonstrated greater improvements in CMVJ (effect size [ES] = 0.36), SPJ (ES = 0.06), T-test CODS (ES = -0.60), and peak power output (ES = 0.72), along with greater reductions in resting cortisol (ES = -0.30) levels compared to the TS-COX group after the 6-week intervention (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the results indicate that incorporating cluster sets during COX training sessions led to more favorable changes in bio-motor ability, peak power output, and cortisol adaptations, with greater consistency and uniformity in adaptations among the players compared to traditional set configurations.

Rong, Bo, and Chen Xiu. “Effects of cluster vs. traditional sets complex training on physical performance adaptations of trained male volleyball players.” Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 1 Dec. 2024, pp. 822–833, https://doi.org/10.52082/jssm.2024.822.

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Frailty is a syndrome characterized by the gradual decline in physical function, strength, and endurance, typically associated with aging. Frailty increases the risk of falls, fractures, disability, and death, making early detection and intervention critical. The onset of frailty is often subtle and difficult to identify in its early stages, which is why there is increasing interest in finding reliable biomarkers for its detection.

Sclerostin has emerged as a potential biomarker for the early detection of frailty due to its involvement in both bone metabolism and muscle function. Studies suggest that changes in sclerostin levels are associated with age-related declines in skeletal muscle mass, strength, and function — all of which are central components of frailty.

Biomedica’s Sclerostin ELISA Kit was used in a first time study that explored the association between circulating sclerostin levels and frailty.

Click below for the full publication, where you can find the abstract and key findings!

Baek, Ji Yeon, et al. “Elevated circulating Sclerostin levels in frail older adults: Implications beyond bone health.” Endocrinology and Metabolism, vol. 40, no. 1, 28 Feb. 2025, pp. 73–81, https://doi.org/10.3803/enm.2024.2100.

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The BI-CAT Adrenaline & Noradrenaline ELISA Assay Kit was utilized in a recent study that focused on if low-dose glucagon is needed and effective in preventing fasted exercise-induced hypoglycaemia in type 1 diabetes. Check out the abstract and full text details below!

Abstract

Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare the plasma glucose (PG) response during spontaneous fasted morning moderate-intensity exercise with and without injection of subcutaneous glucagon in adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D) treated with an automated insulin delivery (AID) system.

Methods:
Ten adults (four female) with T1D (age 50 [42–67] years, diabetes duration: 22 [14–44] years, HbA1c: 55 [47–69] mmol/mol) treated with the MiniMed™ 780G AID system participated in a proof-of-concept two-period, crossover trial. Fasting participants undertook a 45 min bout of continuous moderate-intensity (~60% V̇O_2peak) exercise on a cycle ergometer followed by 1 h of rest. Before exercise, 150-μg glucagon was administered subcutaneously on visit 1 (GLUC) but not on visit 2 (NO-GLUC). Temporary target on the AID was activated 15 min before until 15 min after exercise cessation. Blood samples were taken at 5- and 15-min intervals for measuring PG and biomarkers. Data were analysed using paired t tests or repeated measures ANOVA.

Results
Time in range (3.9–10.0 mmol/L) was 100% on both study visits. No hypoglycaemia (<3.9 mmol/L) occurred in either arm. The GLUC arm had significantly higher mean PG (p = 0.01), area under the PG curve (p = 0.01), coefficient of variation (p < 0.01), peak PG (p = 0.01) and PG at the end of exercise (p < 0.01). No differences in endogenous gluco-regulatory hormones were observed between visits.

Conclusion
Adults with T1D treated with the MiniMed™ 780G can perform spontaneous fasted moderate-intensity exercise without hypoglycaemia. Therefore, glucagon was not needed for prevention of hypoglycaemia in such situations.

Lundemose, Sissel Banner, et al. “Is low‐dose glucagon needed and effective in preventing fasted exercise‐induced hypoglycaemia in type 1 diabetes treated with the minimed 780g, an automated insulin delivery system?” Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, 27 Nov. 2024, https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16103.

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The Mouse Albumin ELISA Assay Kit was utilized in a recent study! The study demonstrates the beneficial role of early immune activation during stress, revealing that the immune system could protect against psychological insults. Access the abstract and full text below.

Abstract

Psychological stress and its sequelae pose a major challenge to public health. Immune activation is conventionally thought to aggravate stress-related mental diseases such as anxiety disorders and depression. Here, we sought to identify potentially beneficial consequences of immune activation in response to stress. We showed that stress led to increased interleukin (IL)-22 production in the intestine as a result of stress-induced gut leakage. IL-22 was both necessary and sufficient to attenuate stress-induced anxiety behaviors in mice. More specifically, IL-22 gained access to the septal area of the brain and directly suppressed neuron activation. Furthermore, human patients with clinical depression displayed reduced IL-22 levels, and exogenous IL-22 treatment ameliorated depressive-like behavior elicited by chronic stress in mice. Our study thus identifies a gut-brain axis in response to stress, whereby IL-22 reduces neuronal activation and concomitant anxiety behavior, suggesting that early immune activation can provide protection against psychological stress.

Xia, Mengyu, et al. “Elevated IL-22 as a result of stress-induced gut leakage suppresses septal neuron activation to ameliorate anxiety-like behavior.” Immunity, vol. 58, no. 1, Jan. 2025, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2024.11.008.

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The L-Ornithine ELISA Assay Kit was utilized in a recent study! The study shows the benefits of combined liver and retinal OAT supplementation for the treatment of GACR. For more details, reference the abstract and access to the full text below.

Abstract

Gyrate atrophy of the choroid and retina (GACR) is due to ornithine aminotransferase (OAT) deficiency, which causes hyperornithinemia, leading to retinal pigment epithelium, followed by choroidal and retinal degeneration. Adeno-associated virus serotype 8 (AAV8) vector-mediated OAT (AAV8-OAT) liver gene transfer reduces ornithinemia in the Oat^−/− mouse model of GACR and improves retinal function and structure. Since OAT is expressed in various tissues including the retina, we investigated the efficacy of restoration of OAT expression in either retina or liver or both tissues on the retinal phenotype of Oat^−/− mice. Intravenous and subretinal administration of AAV8-OAT resulted in intraocular and liver OAT expression with reduced ornithinemia after intravenous AAV8-OAT administration, while intraocular ornithine levels were significantly reduced only following combined gene delivery. Accordingly, only Oat^−/− animals treated with combined intravenous and subretinal AAV8-OAT administrations showed significant improvements in both retinal morphology and function. This work shows the benefits of combined liver and retinal OAT supplementation for the treatment of GACR.

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We’re excited to announce that the Noradrenaline (Norepinephrine) Sensitive ELISA was featured in a recent publication! Check out access the abstract and full text below.

Abstract

Spinal cord injury triggers leukocyte mobilization from the peripheral circulation to the injury site, exacerbating spinal cord damage. Simultaneously, bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and splenic leukocytes rapidly mobilize to replenish the depleted peripheral blood leukocyte pool. However, current treatments for spinal cord injuries overlook interventions targeting peripheral immune organs and tissues, highlighting the need to develop novel drugs capable of effectively regulating peripheral immunity and treating spinal cord injuries. In this study, we designed, synthesized, and characterized novel Ejiao carbon dots (EJCDs) that inhibit myeloid cell proliferation and peripheral migration by promoting HSC self-renewal, and distinct differentiation into erythroid progenitors in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, EJCDs attenuate the immune response in the spleen, leukocytes’ reservoir, following spinal cord injury by diminishing the local infiltration of monocytes and macrophages while promoting motor function recovery. These effects are mediated through the downregulation of CCAAT enhancer binding protein-β expression in the spleen and the upregulation of FZD4 protein expression in Lin⁻ Sca-1⁺ c-kit⁺ cells (LSKs) within the bone marrow. Our findings demonstrate that EJCDs effectively reduce myeloid cell infiltration post-spinal cord injury and promote neurological recovery, making them promising therapeutic candidates for treating spinal cord injuries.

Li, Junjin, et al. “Novel carbon dots with dual modulatory effects on the bone marrow and spleen as a potential therapeutic candidate for treating spinal cord injury.” Bioactive Materials, vol. 45, Mar. 2025, pp. 534–550, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.11.032.

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We’re thrilled to announce that the MedFrontier Intact FGF23 Assay was featured in a recent publication! Details are available via the abstract and full-text access provided below.

Abstract

Multiple myeloma commonly manifests with symptoms arising from the involvement of various organs, particularly the bone and kidneys. In this report, we detail the case of a 44-year-old man who was diagnosed with multiple myeloma associated with reduced bone density. He exhibited clinical findings of osteomalacia due to Fanconi syndrome (characterized clinically by bone pain and proximal weakness and biochemically by elevated serum alkaline phosphatase, hypophosphatemia, hypouricemia, and glucosuria). With phosphate replacement, there was a notable improvement in bone pain, osteomalacia, and bone mineral density. Nevertheless, the patient continued to experience renal wasting of phosphate, uric acid, and glucose despite achieving remission from multiple myeloma for nearly 2 years. Our case highlights several important clinical features of myeloma-associated Fanconi syndrome, including the need to recognize this complication to appropriately treat the underlying bone disease while avoiding osteoclast inhibitors and the long-term persistence of the proximal renal tubulopathy despite achieving remission from myeloma and correction of osteomalacia.

Alireza Zomorodian, Naim M Maalouf, Long-term Evolution of Hypophosphatemia and Osteomalacia in a Patient With Multiple Myeloma, JCEM Case Reports, Volume 2, Issue 7, July 2024, luae137, https://doi.org/10.1210/jcemcr/luae137

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The Niacin Microtiter Plate Assay Kit was utilized in a recent study! Researchers developed a novel approach to study microglia, key immune cells in the CNS, under different conditions. Read on for a summary of this groundbreaking research!

Summary

Microglia are the resident macrophages of the central nervous system (CNS). Their phagocytic activity is central during brain development and homeostasis—and in a plethora of brain pathologies. However, little is known about the composition, dynamics, and function of human microglial phagosomes under homeostatic and pathological conditions. Here, we developed a method for rapid isolation of pure and intact phagosomes from human pluripotent stem cell-derived microglia under various in vitro conditions, and from human brain biopsies, for unbiased multiomic analysis. Phagosome profiling revealed that microglial phagosomes were equipped to sense minute changes in their environment and were highly dynamic. We detected proteins involved in synapse homeostasis, or implicated in brain pathologies, and identified the phagosome as the site where quinolinic acid was stored and metabolized for de novo nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) generation in the cytoplasm. Our findings highlight the central role of phagosomes in microglial functioning in the healthy and diseased brain.

Wogram, E et al. Rapid phagosome isolation enables unbiased multiomic analysis of human microglial phagosomes. Immunity. 57(9)p:2216-2231.e11 doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2024.07.019

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