Anti-Nivolumab (OPDIVO) Quantitative ELISA Assay Kit
The Anti-Nivolumab (OPDIVO) Quantitative ELISA Assay Kit is For Research Use Only
Size: 12 x 8 wells
Sensitivity: 20 ng/mL
Standard Range: 0 – 500 ng/ml
Incubation Time: 2 hours 20 minutes
Sample Type: Serum, Plasma
Sample Size: 5 µL
Alternative Name: Opdivo
Controls Included
Assay Background
Nivolumab is a fully human lgG4 antibody targeting the immune checkpoint programmed death receptor-1 (PD-1). This molecule was produced entirely on mice and grafted onto human kappa and lgG4 Fe region with the mutation S228P for additional stability and reduced variability.
PD-1 is a member of the CD28 T-cell receptor family which makes it be expressed mainly in T-cells, B cells and myeloid cells. PD-1 is upregulated after chronic antigen stimulation and produces a state of T-cell exhaustion. The ligands for PD-1, PD-L l and PD-L2, are induced by the presence of inflammatory cytokines such as interferon gamma. Tumor studies have shown to express both PD-1 ligands. When PD-L l and PD-L2 are bound to PD-1, this produces an inhibitory signal in the T cells which interrupts the immune response. Therefore, nivolumab blocks the immune checkpoint PD-1. The strategy behind this mechanism is related to the reduction of the inhibitory signaling and to restore the patient’s natural tumor-specific T-cell immune response. The combination of nivolumab and ipilimumab are based on the fact that PD-1 and CTLA-4checkpoints have nonredundant roles on T-cell modulation.
Assay Principle
Solid phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) based on the sandwich principle. Standards and samples (serum or plasma) are incubated in the microtiter plate coated with the drug N1volumab. After incubation, the wells are washed. Then, horse radish peroxidase (HRP) conjugated probe is added and binds to N1volumab antibodies captured by the drug N1volumab on the surface of the wells. Following incubation wells are washed and the bound enzymatic activity is detected by addition of tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) chromogen substrate. Finally, the reaction is terminated with an acidic stop solution. The color developed is proportional to the amount of N1volumab antibodies in the sample or standard. Results of samples can be determined directly using the standard curve.
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