Nitrotyrosine is a nitrated derivative of the amino acid tyrosine and serves as a stable biomarker of nitrosative stress. It forms through the reaction of tyrosine residues with peroxynitrite (ONOO⁻), a potent oxidant produced by the interaction of nitric oxide (•NO) and superoxide (•O₂⁻). This process typically occurs during inflammatory responses or oxidative damage and reflects protein nitration, which can impair protein function and cellular signaling.
Clinically, elevated levels of protein-bound nitrotyrosine are associated with several inflammation-based cardiovascular conditions, such as atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, diabetic vasculopathy, and hypertension. Beyond cardiovascular health, nitrotyrosine accumulation has been documented in neurological disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis, and stroke. Its presence in tissue and body fluids correlates with disease severity and progression, and its reduction has been observed with successful therapeutic intervention.
Because of its stability and specificity for oxidative and nitrosative stress pathways, nitrotyrosine is widely used in research and clinical settings to monitor the biochemical impact of chronic inflammation, exposure to environmental stressors (e.g., chemicals, heavy metals, nicotine), and high physical or psychological stress. Its quantification helps identify the extent of tissue damage and guides therapeutic decision-making in disorders driven by oxidative injury.
This product is manufactured in Germany by Immundiagnostik AG.