Anti-GAD ELISA Kit
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease characterized by progressive destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells. The autoimmune process can develop over several years before the onset of clinical symptoms and is associated with the presence of circulating autoantibodies against pancreatic beta-cell antigens. These include insulin autoantibodies (IAA), glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 autoantibodies (GAD65 Abs), and islet antigen-2 autoantibodies (IA-2 Abs). Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) catalyzes the conversion of glutamate to gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and occurs in two major isoforms, GAD65 and GAD67. GAD65 autoantibodies are important biomarkers of pancreatic beta-cell autoimmunity and can be detected before the clinical onset of T1D.
In research settings, measurement of GAD65 autoantibodies is used to investigate the development and progression of autoimmune responses against pancreatic beta cells. GAD65 Abs can be studied alongside IAA, IA-2 Abs, and other beta-cell autoantibodies to characterize patterns of autoimmunity and investigate factors associated with progression toward T1D. GAD65 autoantibodies are also relevant to research on neurological disorders, including stiff-person syndrome, although the characteristics and antigenic targets of GAD autoantibodies may differ between neurological and pancreatic autoimmunity.
In clinical research, GAD65 autoantibody measurement is investigated as a biomarker of beta-cell autoimmunity and risk for development of T1D. GAD65 Abs are detectable in a substantial proportion of individuals newly diagnosed with T1D and may be present before clinical disease develops. Combining GAD65 Abs with other islet autoantibodies, particularly IA-2 Abs and IAA, can provide additional information when studying the risk and progression of T1D in research populations. GAD65 autoantibody results should be interpreted together with other laboratory findings and clinical information rather than used as a standalone indicator of disease.
This Anti-GAD ELISA Kit is manufactured in Italy by Diametra.
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