Anti–Gastric Parietal Cell (GPC) IgG antibodies are autoantibodies directed against the H⁺/K⁺-ATPase enzyme located on the secretory membrane of gastric parietal cells. This proton pump is responsible for gastric acid secretion and is a key antigenic target in autoimmune gastritis, also known as type A gastritis. The immune-mediated destruction of parietal cells leads to achlorhydria, loss of intrinsic factor, and eventually vitamin B₁₂ deficiency, which can progress to pernicious anemia. Anti-GPC antibodies are typically among the earliest detectable markers of autoimmune damage to the gastric mucosa, often appearing years before clinical symptoms develop.
In the clinical setting, anti-GPC IgG testing is used as a screening biomarker for autoimmune gastritis and pernicious anemia. Although not as specific as anti–intrinsic factor antibodies, anti-GPC antibodies are highly sensitive, being present in up to 90% of patients with pernicious anemia. Their presence supports the diagnosis in patients with unexplained macrocytosis, low vitamin B₁₂ levels, or chronic atrophic gastritis on biopsy. Anti-GPC antibodies can also be detected in other autoimmune disorders, such as autoimmune thyroid disease and type 1 diabetes, reflecting broader autoimmune predisposition rather than isolated gastric pathology.
In research contexts, anti-GPC antibodies are important tools for studying autoimmune mechanisms in gastric mucosal injury and the progression from subclinical autoimmunity to overt pernicious anemia. They are also used in population and longitudinal studies to identify individuals at risk for autoimmune polyglandular syndromes. Investigating anti-GPC responses contributes to understanding the shared immunopathogenesis between gastric and endocrine autoimmune diseases and helps refine diagnostic strategies for early detection and intervention in autoimmune gastritis.
This product is manufactured in Germany by Medipan GmbH.
| Size | 1 x 96 Well |
| Storage | 2-8°C |
| Alternative Names | Anti–gastric parietal cell antibodies, gastric parietal cell autoantibodies, anti-GPC IgG, anti–H⁺/K⁺ ATPase antibodies, and parietal cell antibodies |
