Total estrogens refer to the cumulative concentration of all endogenous estrogenic hormones in the body—primarily estradiol (E2), estrone (E1), and estriol (E3). These hormones are pivotal in the regulation of reproductive and non-reproductive physiological processes, including menstrual cycling, bone health, cardiovascular function, and neuroprotection. In biological systems, estrogens are synthesized mainly in the ovaries (in premenopausal women), adipose tissue, and adrenal glands. Measurement of total estrogens in serum or urine offers a holistic snapshot of estrogenic activity and is influenced by factors such as age, sex, menstrual status, pregnancy, obesity, and hormonal therapies.
In clinical diagnostics, total estrogen assays are used in evaluating disorders of puberty, fertility, amenorrhea, gynecomastia, and hormone-sensitive cancers such as breast and endometrial cancers. For instance, altered total estrogen levels may signal estrogen-secreting tumors or endocrine dysfunctions. In research settings, total estrogen quantification serves as a biomarker in epidemiological studies exploring associations with chronic diseases, including osteoporosis, cardiovascular conditions, and hormone-related cancers. Additionally, measuring total estrogens aids in pharmacokinetic studies of hormone replacement therapy and evaluating endocrine-disrupting chemical exposures. The biomarker’s utility spans both mechanistic studies and population-level surveillance, offering translational value from bench to bedside.
This product is manufactured in USA by Eagle Biosciences.