Nitrotyrosine is a post-translationally modified form of the amino acid tyrosine, formed through the nitration of its phenolic ring by reactive nitrogen species, particularly peroxynitrite (ONOO⁻), a byproduct of nitric oxide (•NO) and superoxide (•O₂⁻) interactions. This stable modification is considered a hallmark of nitrosative stress and serves as a surrogate marker for peroxynitrite generation. Elevated nitrotyrosine levels are associated with numerous pathological conditions driven by inflammation and oxidative stress, including cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and diabetic vasculopathy, as well as various neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and multiple sclerosis.
In a clinical and research context, nitrotyrosine serves as a valuable biomarker for assessing the degree of nitrosative and oxidative stress. Its quantification can be used to monitor disease progression, evaluate the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions, and study the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying inflammatory conditions. Levels of nitrotyrosine have been shown to decrease with successful treatment of the associated diseases, reinforcing its utility in disease monitoring. Due to its biochemical stability and strong correlation with peroxynitrite production, nitrotyrosine is frequently employed in both basic and translational research investigating oxidative injury and systemic inflammation.
This product is manufactured in Germany by Immundiagnostik AG.