Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein Autoantibodies (oLAB) are antibodies directed against oxidized forms of low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL), which are generated during oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation. These autoantibodies arise as part of the immune system’s response to oxLDL, which is considered pro-atherogenic and plays a key role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. oLABs can form immune complexes with oxLDL, influencing its uptake by macrophages and foam cell formation in arterial walls.
In the clinical setting, oLAB levels are being investigated as potential biomarkers for cardiovascular risk, particularly in atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease (CAD), and myocardial infarction. Elevated or imbalanced oLAB levels have been associated with both protective and pathological roles, depending on context and subclass. Monitoring oLAB may provide additional insights into oxidative stress burden and immune responses in patients with metabolic syndrome or diabetes, where atherosclerotic risk is elevated.
In research, oLABs are commonly used to study immune modulation in cardiovascular disease, to evaluate the impact of lifestyle or pharmacological interventions on oxidative stress, and to better understand the interplay between immunity and lipid metabolism. They are often measured in epidemiological studies and experimental models to assess the role of oxLDL-related autoimmunity in vascular inflammation and plaque stability.
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